Selecting a connector requires a comprehensive evaluation of electrical performance, mechanical structure, environmental adaptability, and cost. Key parameters include:
Electrical parameters: Rated current, voltage, contact resistance, insulation resistance, etc., which must be matched to the application scenario (e.g., high-power equipment requires connectors rated for currents above 5A);
Mechanical parameters: Mating/unmating force (typically 2–10 N), service life (e.g., 10,000 mating cycles), and dimensions (e.g., an SMD package measuring 7.355 x 8.94 x 3.16 mm is suitable for compact devices);
Environmental parameters: Operating temperature range (e.g., -40°C to +85°C), ingress protection rating (e.g., IP67 for dust and water resistance), and corrosion resistance (e.g., gold-plated contacts for oxidation resistance);
Compatibility: Interface type (e.g., Type-C, HDMI) and protocol support (e.g., USB 3.1, Thunderbolt).
Currently, connector technology is evolving toward miniaturization, high-speed transmission, and intelligence. For instance, the pitch of board-to-board connectors has shrunk to 0.3 mm to meet the needs of wearable devices, while smart connectors integrate sensors to monitor parameters such as temperature and humidity in real-time, thereby enhancing system reliability.
